Notes of chapter-4 Understanding Laws| class 8th civics| By Anju Choudhary

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Understanding laws

chapter -4

class -8th civics 

Parliament is in the charge of making laws  and all laws apply equally to everyone.

Do Laws Apply to All?

  • There is no arbitrary exercise of power in independent India. 
  • India have established rule of law. Rule of law means all the laws apply equally to all citizens of the country
  • No discrimination on the basis of religion, race caste sex or place of birth.
  • No one is above the law.
  •  Any crime or violation of law has a specific punishment given in constitution and other acts.
Views of historians on introduction of rule of law in India by British colonialists;
  • Colonial law was arbitrary ,Indian law is not .for eg; sedition act 1870
  • Indian nationalists played a lead role in the legal field of British India.

How Do New Laws Come About?

Parliament has an important role in making laws. There are many ways through which it happens:

  • Parliament laws come after realizing sensitivity to the problems faced by people. for eg; domestic violence act 2005 (it includes physical social economic or sexual abuse with any women living in shared household)
  •  The voice of the citizen is a crucial  which can be can be heard through TV reports, newspaper editorials, radio broadcasts, local meetings – all of which help in parliament to know about requirement of people to the parliament and visa versa.


Unpopular and controversial laws


  • Sometimes a law can be constitutionally valid legal too, but it can  b unacceptable to people because they feel that the intention behind it is unfair and harmful. When a large mass begin to feel that a wrong law has been passed, they can show their unwillingness through protests, signature campaigns etc. then there is pressure on the Parliament to change this. Any law can have both positive and negative aspects, these are the people who decide which one they  should consider more.


Here I have provided link of detailed explanation of this chapter-understanding laws. Here you go.....


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